微波消解/电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定西洋参重金属及有害元素含量

目的:分析不同产地不同商品规格西洋参中重金属及有害元素的含量,评价西洋参的药用安全性,为其行业标准的制定提供试验依据。方法:采用微波消解/电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定了22个不同产地不同规格西洋参中Pb、Cd、Cu、As、Hg的含量,用SPSS16.0软件进行统计分析;并以中国药典2010年版一部限量标准为依据,判断西洋参中重金属及有害元素含量超标情况。结果:建立了不同产地西洋参样品重金属及有害元素分布特征图谱;西洋参中Pb、Cd、Cu、As、Hg的含量均低于中国药典的限量标准;方差分析表明长度对西洋参中Pb、Cd的含量具有显著性影响,单枝质量对Pb、Cd、Cu、As、Hg的含量影响差异不显著。结论:西洋参具有较高的药用安全性,从药用安全性角度为西洋参商品规格标准的修订提供了参考。     

饮用天然重碳酸钠泉水对糖尿病人血糖的影响

目的在不改变用药量的情况下,观察重碳酸钠泉水对糖尿病人的辅助降糖效果。方法48例11型糖尿病忠者随机分为观察组34例和对照组14例。观察组饮用重碳酸钠泉水,对照组饮用普通水。结果饮水后观察组空腹及餐后血糖下降比例分别为23．53％,50％;空腹及餐后血糖下降值≥1．0mmol／L的比例分别为41．17％,50．01％。结论饮用重碳酸钠泉水对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者降糖具有一定辅助作用。     

佛山市某城区饮用水重金属健康危害风险初步评估

目的 监测佛山市某城区饮用水中重金属含量并评价其健康风险.方法 在佛山市某城区选择3间水厂作为监测对象,在选择水厂的供水范围内选定5～6个监测点,分枯水期(2010年4月)、丰水期(2010年11月)各1次采集水样,检测砷、锑、镉、铬(六价)、铍、铅、汞、硒、镍、铊、铝、铁、锰、铜、锌共15种重金属元素含量,按<生活饮...     

血清LDH、TPO水平在血小板减少性疾病患者预后评估中的价值

目的探讨不同乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、血小板生成素(TPO)水平的血小板减少性疾病患者短期预后情况。方法于2017年4月至2018年4月,采用病例抽样的方法选取该院收治并在该院接受治疗的血小板减少性疾病患者。测定受试者的血清LDH、TPO水平。根据患者LDH水平是否大于总体均值水平,分为高LDH组和低LDH组;根据患者治疗后TPO水平是否大于总体均值,将患者分为高TPO组和低TPO组。预后评估包括临床症状评估及生活质量评估两个部分。结果接受治疗后血小板减少性疾病患者LDH水平比治疗前下降,TPO水平升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前血小板减少性疾病患者的持续性头痛、恶心、呕吐、躯体功能、情绪功能评分均低于治疗后,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高LDH组的持续性头痛、盗汗、身体钝痛感、躯体功能、情绪功能评分低于低LDH组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);低TPO组的发热、盗汗、身体钝痛感、躯体功能、情绪功能、认知功能评分低于高TPO组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高LDH、低TPO水平的血小板减少性疾病患者短期预后状况相对较差。     

Reduced release probability prevents vesicle depletion and transmission failure at dynamin mutant synapses

Endocytic recycling of synaptic vesicles after exocytosis is critical for nervous system function. At synapses of cultured neurons that lack the two "neuronal" dynamins, dynamin 1 and 3, smaller excitatory postsynaptic currents are observed due to an impairment of the fission reaction of endocytosis that results in an accumulation of arrested clathrin-coated pits and a greatly reduced synaptic vesicle number. Surprisingly, despite a smaller readily releasable vesicle pool and fewer docked vesicles, a strong facilitation, which correlated with lower vesicle release probability, was observed upon action potential stimulation at such synapses. Furthermore, although network activity in mutant cultures was lower, Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activity was unexpectedly increased, consistent with the previous report of an enhanced state of synapsin 1 phosphorylation at CaMKII-dependent sites in such neurons. These changes were partially reversed by overnight silencing of synaptic activity with tetrodotoxin, a treatment that allows progression of arrested endocytic pits to synaptic vesicles. Facilitation was also counteracted by CaMKII inhibition. These findings reveal a mechanism aimed at preventing synaptic transmission failure due to vesicle depletion when recycling vesicle traffic is backed up by a defect in dynamin-dependent endocytosis and provide new insight into the coupling between endocytosis and exocytosis.     

Plasma Exchange for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders in Chinese Patients and Factors Predictive of Short-term Outcome

Purpose

The purposes of this article were to evaluate the short-term outcome of plasma exchange (PLEX) for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) in Chinese patients and to identify the factors predictive of a favorable response to therapy.

重硅油填充在下方裂孔的视网膜脱离术中应用

目的 评价重硅油眼内填充治疗下方裂孔的视网膜脱离手术疗效及并发症.方法 对下方视网膜裂孔和严重增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)的复杂性视网膜脱离15例(15眼)行玻璃体切除联合玻璃体腔重硅油填充术.并同时选取15眼患相似类型的视网膜脱离者,在玻璃体切除术后给予眼内普通轻硅油填充作为对照.硅油取出的时间:重硅油组为手术后21～99d,轻硅油组为32～108d.两组时间比较,P＞0.05.术后对视力、眼压及并发症等情况进行随访.结果 随访8～13个月,重硅油组视网膜一次完全复位者13眼(86.67％),轻硅油组一次视网膜完全复位者9眼(60.00％)(P＜0.05),重硅油组并发症有:并发性白内障7眼,重硅油乳化4眼,高眼压3眼,严重的前房炎症反应1眼.结论对下方裂孔的视网膜脱离行玻璃体切除联合玻璃体腔重硅油填充术,可获得良好的视网膜复位率,可提高因为年龄或全身因素无法俯卧患者的舒适性.并发症主要为并发性白内障,高眼压,硅油乳化,前房炎症反应,经过适当处理均可解决.     

家族性肥厚型心肌病MYH7基因突变的筛查与分析

目的 研究家族性肥厚型心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,HCM)的主要致病基因β肌球蛋白重链(beta-myosin heavy chain gene,MYH7)突变,并分析基因型与表型的关系.方法 对3个HCM家系成员的MYH7基因3～23号外显子及附近上下游序列采用DHPLC及直接测序分析.结果 在其中一个家系中发现MYH7基因14号外显子中存在Thr441Met突变,该突变曾经在一莱恩远端肌病患者中发现,而在中国人中是首次发现.另外两个家系也发现有不同位点的突变.结论 MYH7基因在HCM家系中具有较高的突变率,不同突变基因型以及基因突变携带个体在临床表型上有所差异.采取基因突变检测和分析,有利于HCM家族成员的诊断、患病风险预测及疾病早期预防和治疗.

Abstract：

Objective To detect gene mutations on beta-myosin heavy chain gene MYH7 in 3 Chinese families with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ( HCM), and to analyze the correlation between genotype and phenotype. Methods A denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and sequencing mutation screening of the exons ( exon3-23 ) coding for MYH7 gene were performed in 3 Chinese families with HCM. Results In this study, we identified several mutations in MYHT. A mutation of Thr441 Met previously reported in a patient with Laing distal myopathy was first identified in one Chinese pedigree. Conclusion This study illustrated the high frequency of mutation in MYH7 gene in Chinese HCM families. Different mutations and carriers of the MYH7 gene present phenotypic heterogeneity. Mutation screening and analysis in HCM family could therefore facilitate the early HCM diagnosis and would be helpful for the prediction, prevention and early treatment of HCM linked with MYH7 gene mutation.